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may the peace and blessings of Allah be upon him
Well-known days
Fridays
Hadrat Salman (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Prophet Muhammad
(may Allah's blessings and peace be upon him) said, "If anyone
takes a bath on Friday and cleans himself as best as he can (that is),
gets his hair trimmed and nails clipped, then oils his hair and
perfumes his clothes, goes to the mosque and then does not try to
forge his way over the necks of sitting persons, offers as many
optional prayers as he can, and quietly listens to the sermon preceding
the prayers, he is forgiven all his sins committed between that
Friday and the preceding one". (al-Bukhari)
Hijra: Muslim New Year (1st Muharram)
Sayyidina Abu Bakr Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) (whose full name is),
'Abdullah ibn 'Uthman ibn Hamir ibn 'Umar ibn Ka'ab ibn Saad ibn Taim ibn
Murrah ibn Ka'ab ibn Luwai ibn Ghalib al Quraishie Taimie, who along with his
father and mother are all Companions, relates: When the Holy
Prophet Muhammad (may Allah's blessings and peace be upon him) and I were hiding in
the Cave (of Thaur) and were being tracked by the Makkans, I saw
their feet above us outside the cave and I said: 'O Prophetic Messenger of Allah,
if one of them were to look down below his feet he would see us'. He
said: 'Abu Bakr! What would you think of two with whom Allah is the third?' (al-Bukhari and Muslim)
10th Muharram: 'Ashura
Hadrat Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported
that Prophet Muhammad (may Allah's blessings and peace be upon him)
arrived in Madina and found the Jews observing fast on the day of
'Ashura. Prophet Muhammad (may Allah's blessing and peace be upon him)
said to them: "What is ( the significance of) this day that you observe
fast in it?" They said: "It is the day of great significance when
Allah delivered Prophet Moses (peace be upon him) and his people,
and drowned Pharaoh and his people and Prophet Moses (peace be upon
him) observed fast out of gratitude and we also observe it". Upon
this, Prophet Muhammad (may Allah's blessings and peace be upon him) said:
"We have more right, and we have a closer connection with Prophet Moses
(peace be upon him) than you have." So Prophet Muhammad (may Allah's
blessings and peace be upon him) observed fast, and gave orders that it should
be observed. (Muslim)
12th Rabi'Awwal: The day of birth of Prophet Muhammad, (may Allah's blessings and peace be upon him)
Hadrat Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that Prophet Muhammad (may
Allah's blessings and peace be upon him) was questioned about the fast of
Monday. He said: "Therein I was born and therein revelation came to me". (Muslim)
27th Rajab: Isra' wa'l Mi'raj
Hadrat 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: When Prophet
Muhammad (may Allah's blessings and peace be upon him) was taken up to heaven,
he was brought to the lote-tree of the boundary which is in the sixth heaven, to
which what is taken up from the earth reaches and of which something is grasped.
He said: "When that which covers, covered the lote-tree," (53:16) means
"a covering of gold". He said that Prophet Muhammad (may Allah's blessing and peace
be upon him) was then given three things. He was given the five times daily prayers,
he was given the last verses of Surah al-Baqara, and forgiveness of serious sins
was granted to those of his people who did not associate anything with Allah,
(The Glorified and The Exalted). (Muslim)
15th Sha'ban: Nisf Sha'ban
Sayyidina 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that Prophet Muhammad (may
Allah's blessings and peace be upon him) said, "You should pray for long hours
in the night of fifteenth Sha'ban and fast during the day, for on that evening
after sunset, Allah (The Glorified and The Exalted) descends
to the firmament of this world and says, 'Is there any supplicant asking for his
salvation that I may pardon him; is there anyone asking for sustenance
that I may provide him with, is there anyone in distress from which I may
relieve him'; and this munificence lasts till the break of the day." (Ibn Majah)
All the Days of the month of Ramadan
Narrated Hadrat Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) "Prophet
Muhammad (may Allah's blessings and peace be upon him) said. "When the
month of Ramadan begins, the gates of Paradise are opened, and the gates of
the (Hell) Fire are closed, and the devils are chained." (al-Bukhari)
21st, 23rd, 25th, 27th and 29th Ramadan: Lailatul Qadr
Narrated Sayyidatina 'Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her): "Prophet
Muhammad (may the blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said,
'Search for the Night of Qadr in the odd numbered nights of the last ten
nights of the month of Ramadan.' " (al-Bukhari)
1st Shawwal: 'Id-ul-Fitr
Hadrat Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that Prophet
Muhammad (may Allah's blessings and peace be upon him) prohibited fasting
on two days, the day of 'Id-ul-Fitr and 'Id-ul-Ad'ha. (Malik)
9th Dhul-Hijja: Day of 'Arafa
Hadrat Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that Prophet Muhammad (may Allah's
blessings and peace be upon him) said, "There is no day wherein Allah sets free
from Hell a greater number (of people) than on the Day of 'Arafa". (Sharhi Sunna)
10th Dhul-Hijja: 'Id-ul-Ad'ha
Narrated Hadrat Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him): Prophet Muhammad,
(may Allah's blessings and peace be upon him) said, "Whoever slaughtered the
sacrifice before the prayer, he just slaughtered it for himself, and whoever slaughtered
it after the prayer, he slaughtered it at the right time and followed the tradition
of the Muslims." (al-Bukhari)
Narrated Hadrat Anas (may Allah be pleased with him): Prophet Muhammad, (may the blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) slaughtered two rams as sacrifice and mentioned Allah's name, and said, "Allahu Akbar" (while slaughtering). (al-Bukhari)
11th, 12th, and 13th, Dhul Hijja: Ayyamu't Tashriq
Hadrat Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) recited the verse of the Holy Qur'an:
"Remember Allah during the known days," ?. that is, the first days of Dhul-Hijja,
and also the counted days i.e. the days of Tashriq (11th, 12th and 13th Dhul Hijja).
Hadrat Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) used to go out to the market
saying takbir during the first ten days of Dhul-Hijja and the people would say
Takbir after their Takbirs. Muhammad ibn Ali used to say Takbir after Nawafil (prayers).
(al-Bukhari)